Reactivity & Chemical Bonding
Chemical Behavior & Oxidation States
Bromine exhibits chemical reactivity characteristic of the nonmetal family, governed by an electronegativity of 2.96 and standard valence interactions.
Z = 35Reactive Nonmetal
Launch 3D Atom & Orbitals LabBromine
Br
Standard Atomic Mass: 79.904 u
Period 4Group 17P-Block
Chemical Specimen/Br
Concentric Electron Shells4 Energy Levels
n=1: 2e⁻→
n=2: 8e⁻→
n=3: 18e⁻→
n=4: 7e⁻
Scientific Monograph • Reactive Nonmetal
3D Atom SimulatorBromine (Br) Scientific Profile
Bromine (Br) is an element with atomic number 35, classified as a nonmetal. Positioned in Period 4, Group 17, and P-block, its chemical and physical profile is defined by its electron configuration ([Ar]3d¹⁰4s²4p⁵) and periodic trends.
Interactive Virtual Labs Available for Bromine
3D Orbitals & Valence Lab
Simulate concentric quantum energy levels, observe valence electron spins, and examine live atomic clouds in full 3D.
Electronic Configuration Lab
Experiment with Aufbau subshell ordering, explore orbital occupancy, and analyze quantum configuration exceptions.
Electron Config
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²4p⁵
Electronegativity
2.96 Pauling
Year Discovered
1826
Orbital Shells
4 Principal Levels
Orbital Block
p-block orbital
Group / Period
G: 17 • P: 4
Technological Utility
Industrial & Energy Applications
Bromine is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.
Biological Role
Biomedical Profile & Toxicity
Bromine does not play a prominent biological role in human biochemistry, existing primarily as a trace element or mineral component in natural ecosystems.
Geochemistry & Abundance
Cosmic & Terrestrial Occurrence
Elements like Bromine are synthesized through stellar nucleosynthesis and supernovae r-processes. On Earth, Bromine is concentrated in specific ore deposits or synthesized in nuclear accelerators.
Frequently Asked Questions about Bromine
Q
What are the key physical and atomic properties of Bromine?
Bromine (Br) has an atomic number of 35 and a standard atomic mass of 79.904 u. It is positioned in Period 4, Group 17, in the P-block, and is classified within the Reactive Nonmetal category.
Q
What is the electron configuration of Bromine?
The ground-state electron configuration of Bromine is [Ar]3d¹⁰4s²4p⁵. Its 35 electrons are distributed across 4 principal energy levels (2, 8, 18, 7).
Q
Why does Bromine exhibit an electron configuration exception?
Bromine follows standard Aufbau principle orbital filling. Transition metals and heavy elements optimize their shell filling based on subshell exchange energy and electrostatic stability.
Q
What are the primary commercial and laboratory uses of Bromine?
Bromine is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.