Reactivity & Chemical Bonding
Chemical Behavior & Oxidation States
Yttrium exhibits chemical reactivity characteristic of the transition metal family, governed by an electronegativity of 1.22 and standard valence interactions.
Z = 39Transition Metal
Launch 3D Atom & Orbitals LabYttrium
Y
Standard Atomic Mass: 88.906 u
Period 5Group 3D-Block
Chemical Specimen/Y
Concentric Electron Shells5 Energy Levels
n=1: 2e⁻→
n=2: 8e⁻→
n=3: 18e⁻→
n=4: 9e⁻→
n=5: 2e⁻
Scientific Monograph • Transition Metal
3D Atom SimulatorYttrium (Y) Scientific Profile
Yttrium (Y) is an element with atomic number 39, classified as a transition metal. Positioned in Period 5, Group 3, and D-block, its chemical and physical profile is defined by its electron configuration ([Kr]4d¹5s²) and periodic trends.
Interactive Virtual Labs Available for Yttrium
3D Orbitals & Valence Lab
Simulate concentric quantum energy levels, observe valence electron spins, and examine live atomic clouds in full 3D.
Electronic Configuration Lab
Experiment with Aufbau subshell ordering, explore orbital occupancy, and analyze quantum configuration exceptions.
Electron Config
[Kr]4d¹5s²
Electronegativity
1.22 Pauling
Year Discovered
1794
Orbital Shells
5 Principal Levels
Orbital Block
d-block orbital
Group / Period
G: 3 • P: 5
Technological Utility
Industrial & Energy Applications
Yttrium is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.
Biological Role
Biomedical Profile & Toxicity
Yttrium does not play a prominent biological role in human biochemistry, existing primarily as a trace element or mineral component in natural ecosystems.
Geochemistry & Abundance
Cosmic & Terrestrial Occurrence
Elements like Yttrium are synthesized through stellar nucleosynthesis and supernovae r-processes. On Earth, Yttrium is concentrated in specific ore deposits or synthesized in nuclear accelerators.
Frequently Asked Questions about Yttrium
Q
What are the key physical and atomic properties of Yttrium?
Yttrium (Y) has an atomic number of 39 and a standard atomic mass of 88.906 u. It is positioned in Period 5, Group 3, in the D-block, and is classified within the Transition Metal category.
Q
What is the electron configuration of Yttrium?
The ground-state electron configuration of Yttrium is [Kr]4d¹5s². Its 39 electrons are distributed across 5 principal energy levels (2, 8, 18, 9, 2).
Q
Why does Yttrium exhibit an electron configuration exception?
Yttrium follows standard Aufbau principle orbital filling. Transition metals and heavy elements optimize their shell filling based on subshell exchange energy and electrostatic stability.
Q
What are the primary commercial and laboratory uses of Yttrium?
Yttrium is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.