Reactivity & Chemical Bonding
Chemical Behavior & Oxidation States
Tin exhibits chemical reactivity characteristic of the post transition family, governed by an electronegativity of 1.96 and standard valence interactions.
Z = 50Post-Transition Metal
Launch 3D Atom & Orbitals LabTin
Sn
Standard Atomic Mass: 118.71 u
Period 5Group 14P-Block
Chemical Specimen/Sn
Concentric Electron Shells5 Energy Levels
n=1: 2e⁻→
n=2: 8e⁻→
n=3: 18e⁻→
n=4: 18e⁻→
n=5: 4e⁻
Scientific Monograph • Post-Transition Metal
3D Atom SimulatorTin (Sn) Scientific Profile
Tin (Sn) is an element with atomic number 50, classified as a post transition. Positioned in Period 5, Group 14, and P-block, its chemical and physical profile is defined by its electron configuration ([Kr]4d¹⁰5s²5p²) and periodic trends.
Interactive Virtual Labs Available for Tin
3D Orbitals & Valence Lab
Simulate concentric quantum energy levels, observe valence electron spins, and examine live atomic clouds in full 3D.
Electronic Configuration Lab
Experiment with Aufbau subshell ordering, explore orbital occupancy, and analyze quantum configuration exceptions.
Electron Config
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²5p²
Electronegativity
1.96 Pauling
Year Discovered
Ancient
Orbital Shells
5 Principal Levels
Orbital Block
p-block orbital
Group / Period
G: 14 • P: 5
Technological Utility
Industrial & Energy Applications
Tin is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.
Biological Role
Biomedical Profile & Toxicity
Tin does not play a prominent biological role in human biochemistry, existing primarily as a trace element or mineral component in natural ecosystems.
Geochemistry & Abundance
Cosmic & Terrestrial Occurrence
Elements like Tin are synthesized through stellar nucleosynthesis and supernovae r-processes. On Earth, Tin is concentrated in specific ore deposits or synthesized in nuclear accelerators.
Frequently Asked Questions about Tin
Q
What are the key physical and atomic properties of Tin?
Tin (Sn) has an atomic number of 50 and a standard atomic mass of 118.71 u. It is positioned in Period 5, Group 14, in the P-block, and is classified within the Post-Transition Metal category.
Q
What is the electron configuration of Tin?
The ground-state electron configuration of Tin is [Kr]4d¹⁰5s²5p². Its 50 electrons are distributed across 5 principal energy levels (2, 8, 18, 18, 4).
Q
Why does Tin exhibit an electron configuration exception?
Tin follows standard Aufbau principle orbital filling. Transition metals and heavy elements optimize their shell filling based on subshell exchange energy and electrostatic stability.
Q
What are the primary commercial and laboratory uses of Tin?
Tin is utilized in industrial fabrication, materials engineering, electronic manufacturing, and advanced laboratory research based on its specific thermodynamic properties.